Oct 28, 2018

Peribadi. The Implementation of Participatory Development Paradigm: A Critical Review Over Poverty Reduction Programs In Kendari City



Departmen of Sociology Science, Faculty of Social and Political Science, University of Halu Oleo, SoutheasSulawesi, Indonesia.



Introduction. When  Korten  (1993)  introduced  the  theory  of  people  centered  development  that  respects  the  local knowledge, lot of interest in research emerged to formulate development plans based on social capital with a participatory approach. Manifestations of community-based participatory development paradigm had lasted long enough through the program of Neighborhood Upgrading and Shelter Sector Project (NUSSP) and the Urban Poverty Reduction Program (UPRP), including in the area of Kendari Government. Indeed, the poverty rate has declined since 2012 amounted to 6.4 percent, and even predicted to continue declining until 5.7 percent in 2014 with 76. 81 percent of HDI rate, and unemployment also continued to fall to 3.8 percent (TNP2K/RPRCT Kendari, 2015). However, the data of poverty rate from the National Program for Urban Community  Empowerment  (NPUCE)  Kendari  showed  that  it  was  still  remained  25  percent  of  poor households in Kendari (NPUCE Kendari, 2014).

Meanwhile, the  study  of  skepticism and  criticism  greatly  came  up  when  “impoverishment"happened in various cases of "corruption and money laundry" in which one by one of the actors sent to the Court for Corruption. Various variables are often claimed to be determinants ofmentality of development actors that significant with the failure of poverty reduction efforts over the years.

Structural and cultural inequality is often spotlighted by many circles, which then triggered a participatory development  paradigm.  However,  according  to  Peribadi  (2015a)  the  failure  of  the  Poverty  Reduction Program (PRP) looked more dominant on the users rather than the paradigm itself. Consequently, it is certain that moral inequality is significant with the weak of intellectual and spiritual intelligence as the implications of positivism and post-positivism, which have only revolved around the empirical and rational truth.


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